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GeographyLocation
Southern Asia, north and west of Pakistan, east of Iran Geographic coordinates
33 00 N, 65 00 E
Map references
Asia
Area World Ranking: 41
Total 652,230 sq km
Land 652,230 sq km Water 0 sq km Area - comparative
Slightly smaller than Texas
Land boundaries
Total 5,529 km
Border countries China 76 km, Iran 936 km, Pakistan 2,430 km, Tajikistan 1,206 km, Turkmenistan 744 km, Uzbekistan 137 km Coastline
0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims
None (landlocked)
Climate
Arid to semiarid; cold winters and hot summers Terrain
Mostly rugged mountains; plains in north and southwest Elevation extremes
Lowest point Amu Darya 258 m
Highest point Noshak 7,485 m Natural resources
Natural gas, petroleum, coal, copper, chromite, talc, barites, sulfur, lead, zinc, iron ore, salt, precious and semiprecious stones Land use
Arable land 12.13%
Permanent crops 0.21% Other 87.66% (2005) Irrigated land
31,990 sq km (2003)
Total renewable water resources
65 cu km (1997)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)
Total 23.26 cu km/yr (2%/0%/98%)
Per capita 779 cu m/yr (2000) Natural hazards
Damaging earthquakes occur in Hindu Kush mountains; flooding; droughts Environment - current issues
Limited natural freshwater resources; inadequate supplies of potable water; soil degradation; overgrazing; deforestation (much of the remaining forests are being cut down for fuel and building materials); desertification; air and water pollution Environment - international agreements
Party to
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection Signed, but not ratified Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation Geography - note
Landlocked; the Hindu Kush mountains that run northeast to southwest divide the northern provinces from the rest of the country; the highest peaks are in the northern Vakhan (Wakhan Corridor)
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