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The Sultanate of Brunei's influence peaked between the 15th and 17th centuries when its control extended over coastal areas of northwest Borneo and the southern Philippines. Brunei subsequently entered a period of decline brought on by internal strife over royal succession, colonial expansion of European powers, and piracy. In 1888, Brunei became a British protectorate; independence was achieved in 1984. The same family has ruled Brunei for over six centuries. Brunei benefits from extensive petroleum and natural gas fields, the source of one of the highest per capita GDPs in Asia.


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Economy

Economy - overview
Brunei has a small well-to-do economy that encompasses a mixture of foreign and domestic entrepreneurship, government regulation, welfare measures, and village tradition. Crude oil and natural gas production account for just over half of GDP and more than 90% of exports. Per capita GDP is among the highest in Asia, and substantial income from overseas investment supplements income from domestic production. The government provides for all medical services and free education through the university level and subsidizes rice and housing. A new monetary authority was established in January 2011 with responsibilities that include monetary policy, monitoring of financial institutions, and currency trading activities.

Gdp (purchasing power parity) World Ranking: 126
$21.24 billion (2011 est.)
$20.84 billion (2010 est.)
$20.31 billion (2009 est.)
Note Data are in 2011 US dollars

Gdp (official exchange rate)
$15.53 billion (2011 est.)

Gdp - real growth rate World Ranking: 151
1.9% (2011 est.)
2.6% (2010 est.)
-1.8% (2009 est.)

Gdp - per capita (ppp) World Ranking: 9
$50,000 (2011 est.)
$50,300 (2010 est.)
$50,000 (2009 est.)
Note Data are in 2011 US dollars

Gdp - composition by sector
Agriculture 0.8%
Industry 66.7%
Services 32.5% (2011 est.)

Labor force World Ranking: 170
198,800 (2010 est.)

Labor force - by occupation
Agriculture 4.2%
Industry 62.8%
Services 33% (2008 est.)

Unemployment rate World Ranking: 22
2.7% (2010)
3.7% (2008)

Population below poverty line
NA%

Household income or consumption by percentage share
Lowest 10% NA%
Highest 10% NA%

Budget
Revenues $5.485 billion
Expenditures $5.803 billion (2011 est.)

Taxes and other revenues World Ranking: 65
35.3% of GDP (2011 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) World Ranking: 73
-2% of GDP (2011 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) World Ranking: 23
2% (2011 est.)
0.4% (2010 est.)

Commercial bank prime lending rate World Ranking: 150
5.5% (31 December 2011 est.)
5.5% (31 December 2010 est.)

Stock of narrow money World Ranking: 111
$3.504 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$2.954 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

Stock of broad money World Ranking: 104
$10.19 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$9.731 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

Stock of domestic credit World Ranking: 120
$4.032 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$3.019 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

Market value of publicly traded shares
$NA

Agriculture - products
Rice, vegetables, fruits; chickens, water buffalo, cattle, goats, eggs

Industries
Petroleum, petroleum refining, liquefied natural gas, construction

Industrial production growth rate World Ranking: 162
-5.4% (2008 est.)

Electricity - production World Ranking: 124
3.218 billion kWh (2008 est.)

Electricity - consumption World Ranking: 129
3.054 billion kWh (2008 est.)

Electricity - exports
0 kWh (2009 est.)

Electricity - imports
0 kWh (2009 est.)

Oil - production World Ranking: 43
159,400 bbl/day (2010 est.)

Oil - consumption World Ranking: 136
17,000 bbl/day (2010 est.)

Oil - exports World Ranking: 58
153,000 bbl/day (2009 est.)

Oil - imports World Ranking: 203
138 bbl/day (2009 est.)

Oil - proved reserves World Ranking: 40
1.1 billion bbl (1 January 2011 est.)

Natural gas - production World Ranking: 40
11.5 billion cu m (2009 est.)

Natural gas - consumption World Ranking: 77
2.69 billion cu m (2009 est.)

Natural gas - exports World Ranking: 22
8.81 billion cu m (2009 est.)

Natural gas - imports World Ranking: 162
0 cu m (2009 est.)

Natural gas - proved reserves World Ranking: 32
390.8 billion cu m (1 January 2011 est.)

Current account balance World Ranking: 34
$3.977 billion (2009 est.)
$3.977 billion (2009 est.)

Exports World Ranking: 91
$10.67 billion (2008)
$8.25 billion (2007)

Exports - commodities
Crude oil, natural gas, garments

Exports - partners
Japan 45.6%, South Korea 16.5%, Australia 11.8%, Indonesia 8.4%, India 4.8%, China 4.6% (2011)

Imports World Ranking: 149
$2.61 billion (2008 est.)
$2.055 billion (2007 est.)

Imports - commodities
Machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, chemicals

Imports - partners
Singapore 33.2%, China 15.5%, South Korea 12.2%, Malaysia 10.7%, Germany 9.6% (2011)

Debt - external World Ranking: 201
$0 (2005)

Exchange rates
Bruneian dollars (BND) per US dollar -
1.2579 (2011)
1.3635 (2010 est.)
1.45 (2009)


Fiscal year
1 April - 31 March


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Brunei (Bandar Seri Begawan):
Country Flag
Country Locator

GPS points from Brunei (Bandar Seri Begawan)

square Sungai Bedaput Brunei (general)

square Sultanate Of Brunei Brunei (general)

square Kampong Amo Brunei (general)

square Kampong Madewa Brunei (general)

square Sungai Bang Durian Brunei (general)

square Sungai Paku Brunei (general)

square Kampong Panchur Dulit Brunei (general)

square Bang Durian Brunei (general)




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