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French Cameroon became independent in 1960 as the Republic of Cameroon. The following year the southern portion of neighboring British Cameroon voted to merge with the new country to form the Federal Republic of Cameroon. In 1972, a new constitution replaced the federation with a unitary state, the United Republic of Cameroon. The country has generally enjoyed stability, which has permitted the development of agriculture, roads, and railways, as well as a petroleum industry. Despite slow movement toward democratic reform, political power remains firmly in the hands of President Paul BIYA.


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People And Society

Nationality
Noun Cameroonian(s)
Adjective Cameroonian

Ethnic groups
Cameroon Highlanders 31%, Equatorial Bantu 19%, Kirdi 11%, Fulani 10%, Northwestern Bantu 8%, Eastern Nigritic 7%, other African 13%, non-African less than 1%

Languages
24 major African language groups, English (official), French (official)

Religions
Indigenous beliefs 40%, Christian 40%, Muslim 20%

Population World Ranking: 58
20,129,878 (July 2012 est.)
Note
Estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected

Age structure
0-14 years
40.5% (male 4,027,381/female 3,956,219)
15-64 years
56.2% (male 5,564,570/female 5,505,857)
65 years and over
3.3% (male 300,929/female 356,335) (2011 est.)

Median age
Total 19.6 years
Male 19.5 years
Female 19.7 years (2012 est.)

Population growth rate World Ranking: 43
2.082% (2012 est.)

Birth rate World Ranking: 34
32.49 births/1,000 population (2012 est.)

Death rate World Ranking: 33
11.66 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.)

Net migration rate World Ranking: 81
0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.)

Urbanization
Urban population 58% of total population (2010)
Rate of urbanization
3.3% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Major cities - population
Douala 2.053 million; YAOUNDE (capital) 1.739 million (2009)

Sex ratio
At birth 1.03 male(s)/female
Under 15 years 1.02 male(s)/female
15-64 years 1.01 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.84 male(s)/female
Total population
1.01 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

Maternal mortality rate World Ranking: 9
690 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)

Infant mortality rate World Ranking: 30
Total 59.7 deaths/1,000 live births
Male 64.19 deaths/1,000 live births
Female
55.07 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.)

Life expectancy at birth World Ranking: 200
Total population 54.71 years
Male 53.82 years
Female 55.63 years (2012 est.)

Total fertility rate World Ranking: 40
4.09 children born/woman (2012 est.)

Health expenditures World Ranking: 125
5.6% of GDP (2009)

Physicians density
0.19 physicians/1,000 population (2004)

Hospital bed density
1.5 beds/1,000 population (2006)

Hiv/aids - adult prevalence rate World Ranking: 13
5.3% (2009 est.)

Hiv/aids - people living with hiv/aids World Ranking: 14
610,000 (2009 est.)

Hiv/aids - deaths World Ranking: 11
37,000 (2009 est.)

Major infectious diseases
Degree of risk Very high
Food or waterborne diseases
Bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever
Vectorborne diseases Malaria and yellow fever
Water contact disease Schistosomiasis
Respiratory disease Meningococcal meningitis
Animal contact disease Rabies (2009)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight World Ranking: 48
16.6% (2006)

Education expenditures World Ranking: 113
3.7% of GDP (2009)

Literacy
Definition
Age 15 and over can read and write
Total population 75.9%
Male 84%
Female 67.8% (2001 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
Total 10 years
Male 11 years
Female 9 years (2009)


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Cameroon (Yaounde):
Country Flag
Country Locator

GPS points from Cameroon (Yaounde)

square Ita East Province

square Ngovayang South Region

square Lihoua Cameroon (general)

square Egona Centre Region

square Hosere Boudoum Far North Province

square Dioula Mbandame East Province

square Ebolboum South Region

square Ebang Centre Region




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