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Although explored by the Spanish early in the 16th century, initial attempts at colonizing Costa Rica proved unsuccessful due to a combination of factors, including: disease from mosquito-infested swamps, brutal heat, resistance by natives, and pirate raids. It was not until 1563 that a permanent settlement of Cartago was established in the cooler, fertile central highlands. The area remained a colony for some two and a half centuries. In 1821, Costa Rica became one of several Central American provinces that jointly declared their independence from Spain. Two years later it joined the United Provinces of Central America, but this federation disintegrated in 1838, at which time Costa Rica proclaimed its sovereignty and independence. Since the late 19th century, only two brief periods of violence have marred the country's democratic development. In 1949, Costa Rica dissolved its armed forces. Although it still maintains a large agricultural sector, Costa Rica has expanded its economy to include strong technology and tourism industries. The standard of living is relatively high. Land ownership is widespread.


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Military

Military branches
No regular military forces; Ministry of Public Security, Government, and Police (2011)

Manpower available for military service
Males age 16-49 1,255,798
Females age 16-49 1,230,202 (2010 est.)

Manpower fit for military service
Males age 16-49 1,058,419
Females age 16-49 1,037,053 (2010 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually
Male 42,201
Female 40,444 (2010 est.)

Military expenditures World Ranking: 156
0.6% of GDP
Note
Includes public security and police expenditures (2009)


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Costa Rica (San Jose):
Country Flag
Country Locator

GPS points from Costa Rica (San Jose)

square Penjamo Provincia De Alajuela

square Cano Negro Provincia De Guanacaste

square Duran Provincia De Cartago

square Cabo Farallon Guanacaste

square Hacienda Queveri Provincia De Cartago

square Cocos Guanacaste

square Sanapiqui Provincia De Heredia

square Rio Platanal Provincia De Limon




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