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The lands that today comprise Croatia were part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire until the close of World War I. In 1918, the Croats, Serbs, and Slovenes formed a kingdom known after 1929 as Yugoslavia. Following World War II, Yugoslavia became a federal independent Communist state under the strong hand of Marshal TITO. Although Croatia declared its independence from Yugoslavia in 1991, it took four years of sporadic, but often bitter, fighting before occupying Serb armies were mostly cleared from Croatian lands, along with a majority of Croatia's ethnic Serb population. Under UN supervision, the last Serb-held enclave in eastern Slavonia was returned to Croatia in 1998. In April 2009, Croatia joined NATO; Croatia signed the EU Accession Treaty in December 2011 and ratified the Treaty in January, 2012. Croatia will become a member after all 27 EU members ratify the treaty, with a target date of July 2013.


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Government

Country name
Conventional long form Republic of Croatia
Conventional short form Croatia
Local long form Republika Hrvatska
Local short form Hrvatska
Former
People's Republic of Croatia, Socialist Republic of Croatia

Government type
Presidential/parliamentary democracy

Capital
Name Zagreb
Geographic coordinates 45 48 N, 16 00 E
Time difference
UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Daylight saving time
+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

Administrative divisions
20 counties (zupanije, zupanija - singular) and 1 city* (grad - singular); Bjelovarsko-Bilogorska, Brodsko-Posavska, Dubrovacko-Neretvanska (Dubrovnik-Neretva), Istarska (Istria), Karlovacka, Koprivnicko-Krizevacka, Krapinsko-Zagorska, Licko-Senjska (Lika-Senj), Medimurska, Osjecko-Baranjska, Pozesko-Slavonska (Pozega-Slavonia), Primorsko-Goranska, Sibensko-Kninska, Sisacko-Moslavacka, Splitsko-Dalmatinska (Split-Dalmatia), Varazdinska, Viroviticko-Podravska, Vukovarsko-Srijemska, Zadarska, Zagreb*, Zagrebacka

Independence
25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia)

National holiday
Independence Day, 8 October (1991); note - 25 June 1991 was the day the Croatian parliament voted for independence; following a three-month moratorium to allow the European Community to solve the Yugoslav crisis peacefully, Parliament adopted a decision on 8 October 1991 to sever constitutional relations with Yugoslavia

Constitution
Adopted 22 December 1990; revised 2000, 2001

Legal system
Civil law system based on Yugoslav civil codes; note - Croatia has enacted many reforms to its legal system

International law organization participation
Has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

Suffrage
18 years of age; universal

Executive branch
Chief of state
President Ivo JOSIPOVIC (since 18 February 2010)
Head of government
Prime Minister Zoran MILANOVIC (since 23 December 2011); First Deputy Prime Minister Radimir CACIC (since 23 December 2011)
Cabinet
Council of Ministers named by the prime minister and approved by the parliamentary assembly
Elections
President elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 10 January 2010 (next to be held in December 2014); the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the president and then approved by the assembly
Election results
Ivo JOSIPOVIC elected president; percent of vote in the second round - Ivo JOSIPOVIC 60%, Milan BANDIC 40%

Legislative branch
Unicameral Assembly or Sabor (151 seats; members elected from party lists by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
Elections
Last held on 4 December 2011 (next to be held in late 2015)
Election results
Percent of vote by party - Kukuriku 40%, HDZ 23.5%, Laborists-Labor 5.1%, HSS 3%, HDSSB 2.9%, Independent list of Ivan Grubisic 2.8%, HCSP-HSP 2.8%, other 19.9%; number of seats by party - Kukuriku 80, HDZ 47, Laborists-Labor 6, HDSSB 6, Independent list of Ivan Grubisic 2, HSS 1, HCSP-HSP 1, other 8

Judicial branch
Supreme Court; Constitutional Court; judges for both courts are appointed for eight-year terms by the Judicial Council of the Republic, which is elected by the Assembly

Political parties and leaders
Croatian Democratic Congress of Slavonia and Baranja or HDSSB [Vladimir SISLJAGIC]; Croatian Democratic Union or HDZ [Jadranka KOSOR]; Croatian Laborists-Labor Party [Dragutin LESAR]; Croatian Party of Rights or HSP [Daniel SRB]; Croatian Peasant Party or HSS [Branko HRG]; Croatian Pensioner Party or HSU [Silvano HRELJA]; Croatian People's Party or HNS [Radimir CACIC]; Croatian Pure Party of Rights-Ante Starcevic or HSP-AS [Ruza TOMASIC]; Croatian Social Liberal Party or HSLS [Darinko KOSOR]; Independent Democratic Serb Party or SDSS [Vojislav STANIMIROVIC]; Istrian Democratic Assembly or IDS [Ivan JAKOVCIC]; Kukuriku Coalition (consists of SDP, HNS, IDS, and HSU) [Zoran MILANOVIC]; Social Democratic Party of Croatia or SDP [Zoran MILANOVIC]

Political pressure groups and leaders
Other Human rights groups

International organization participation
Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, EU (acceding country), FAO, G-11, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, NAM (observer), NATO, NSG, OAS (observer), OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMIL, UNMOGIP, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC

Diplomatic representation in the us
Chief of mission Ambassador Josko PARO
Chancery
2343 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
Telephone [1] (202) 588-5899
FAX [1] (202) 588-8936
Consulate(s) general Chicago, Los Angeles, New York

Diplomatic representation from the us
Chief of mission Ambassador James B. FOLEY
Embassy
2 Thomas Jefferson Street, 10010 Zagreb
Mailing address Use street address
Telephone [385] (1) 661-2200
FAX [385] (1) 661-2373

Flag description
Three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and blue - the Pan-Slav colors - superimposed by the Croatian coat of arms; the coat of arms consists of one main shield (a checkerboard of 13 red and 12 silver (white) fields) surmounted by five smaller shields that form a crown over the main shield; the five small shields represent five historic regions, they are (from left to right): Croatia, Dubrovnik, Dalmatia, Istria, and Slavonia
Note
The Pan-Slav colors were inspired by the 19th-century flag of Russia

National symbol(s)
Red-white checkerboard

National anthem
Name
"Lijepa nasa domovino" (Our Beautiful Homeland)
Lyrics/music Antun MIHANOVIC/Josip RUNJANIN
Note
Adopted 1972; "Lijepa nasa domovino," whose lyrics were written in 1835, served as an unofficial anthem beginning in 1891


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Croatia (Zagreb):
Country Flag
Country Locator

GPS points from Croatia (Zagreb)

square Krizanci Varazdinska Zupanija

square Bokane Viroviticko-podravska Zupanija

square Na Stanu Splitsko-dalmatinska Zupanija

square Laminac Licko-senjska Zupanija

square Cetinski Varos Karlovacka Zupanija

square Mala Pisanica Bjelovarsko-bilogorska

square Bartolovec Varazdinska Zupanija

square Jablanacka Jezero Licko-senjska Zupanija




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