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GeographyLocation
Eastern Africa, bordering the Red Sea, between Djibouti and Sudan Geographic coordinates
15 00 N, 39 00 E
Map references
Africa
Area World Ranking: 101
Total 117,600 sq km
Land 101,000 sq km Water 16,600 sq km Area - comparative
Slightly larger than Pennsylvania Land boundaries
Total 1,626 km
Border countries Djibouti 109 km, Ethiopia 912 km, Sudan 605 km Coastline
2,234 km (mainland on Red Sea 1,151 km, islands in Red Sea 1,083 km) Maritime claims
Territorial sea 12 nm
Climate
Hot, dry desert strip along Red Sea coast; cooler and wetter in the central highlands (up to 61 cm of rainfall annually, heaviest June to September); semiarid in western hills and lowlands Terrain
Dominated by extension of Ethiopian north-south trending highlands, descending on the east to a coastal desert plain, on the northwest to hilly terrain and on the southwest to flat-to-rolling plains Elevation extremes
Lowest point
Near Kulul within the Danakil Depression -75 m Highest point Soira 3,018 mNatural resources
Gold, potash, zinc, copper, salt, possibly oil and natural gas, fish Land use
Arable land 4.78%
Permanent crops 0.03% Other 95.19% (2005) Irrigated land
210 sq km (2003)
Total renewable water resources
6.3 cu km (2001)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)
Total 0.3 cu km/yr (3%/0%/97%)
Per capita 68 cu m/yr (2000) Natural hazards
Frequent droughts, rare earthquakes and volcanoes; locust swarms Volcanism Dubbi (elev. 1,625 m), which last erupted in 1861, was the country's only historically active volcano until Nabro (2,218 m) came to life on 12 June 2011 Environment - current issues
Deforestation; desertification; soil erosion; overgrazing; loss of infrastructure from civil warfare Environment - international agreements
Party to
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection Signed, but not ratified None of the selected agreements Geography - note
Strategic geopolitical position along world's busiest shipping lanes; Eritrea retained the entire coastline of Ethiopia along the Red Sea upon de jure independence from Ethiopia on 24 May 1993
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Eritrea (Asmara):
GPS points from Eritrea (Asmara)
Dengolo Eritrea (general)
Sceic El Abu Eritrea (general)
Massawa Zoba Semenawi K'eyih Bahri
Didib Eritrea (general)
Dafta Meda Eritrea (general)
Sessaghede Eritrea (general)
Monte Anal Eritrea (general)
Albergo C.i.a.a.o. Hotel Eritrea (general) |