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Basutoland was renamed the Kingdom of Lesotho upon independence from the UK in 1966. The Basuto National Party ruled for the first two decades. King MOSHOESHOE was exiled in 1990, but returned to Lesotho in 1992 and was reinstated in 1995 and subsequently succeeded by his son, King LETSIE III, in 1996. Constitutional government was restored in 1993 after seven years of military rule. In 1998, violent protests and a military mutiny following a contentious election prompted a brief but bloody intervention by South African and Botswana military forces under the aegis of the Southern African Development Community. Subsequent constitutional reforms restored relative political stability. Peaceful parliamentary elections were held in 2002, but the National Assembly elections of February 2007 were hotly contested and aggrieved parties continue to dispute how the electoral law was applied to award proportional seats in the Assembly.


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People And Society

Nationality
Noun
Mosotho (singular), Basotho (plural)
Adjective Basotho

Ethnic groups
Sotho 99.7%, Europeans, Asians, and other 0.3%,

Languages
Sesotho (official) (southern Sotho), English (official), Zulu, Xhosa

Religions
Christian 80%, indigenous beliefs 20%

Population World Ranking: 148
1,930,493 (July 2012 est.)
Note
Estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected

Age structure
0-14 years
33.5% (male 323,934/female 321,727)
15-64 years
61.1% (male 573,773/female 602,443)
65 years and over
5.4% (male 50,956/female 52,053) (2011 est.)

Median age
Total 23.1 years
Male 23.1 years
Female 23.1 years (2012 est.)

Population growth rate World Ranking: 164
0.332% (2012 est.)

Birth rate World Ranking: 48
26.65 births/1,000 population (2012 est.)

Death rate World Ranking: 4
15.18 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.)

Net migration rate World Ranking: 204
-8.15 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.)

Urbanization
Urban population 27% of total population (2010)
Rate of urbanization
3.4% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Major cities - population
MASERU (capital) 220,000 (2009)

Sex ratio
At birth 1.03 male(s)/female
Under 15 years 1.01 male(s)/female
15-64 years 0.95 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.99 male(s)/female
Total population
0.97 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

Maternal mortality rate World Ranking: 11
620 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)

Infant mortality rate World Ranking: 40
Total 53.44 deaths/1,000 live births
Male 57.58 deaths/1,000 live births
Female
49.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.)

Life expectancy at birth World Ranking: 213
Total population 51.86 years
Male 51.77 years
Female 51.95 years (2012 est.)

Total fertility rate World Ranking: 67
2.89 children born/woman (2012 est.)

Health expenditures World Ranking: 5
13.2% of GDP (2009)

Physicians density
0.05 physicians/1,000 population (2003)

Hospital bed density
1.33 beds/1,000 population (2006)

Hiv/aids - adult prevalence rate World Ranking: 3
23.6% (2009 est.)

Hiv/aids - people living with hiv/aids World Ranking: 20
290,000 (2009 est.)

Hiv/aids - deaths World Ranking: 20
14,000 (2009 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight World Ranking: 49
16.6% (2005)

Education expenditures World Ranking: 3
12.4% of GDP (2008)

Literacy
Definition
Age 15 and over can read and write
Total population 89.6%
Male 83.3%
Female 95.6% (2010 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
Total 10 years
Male 10 years
Female 10 years (2008)


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Lesotho (Maseru):
Country Flag
Country Locator

GPS points from Lesotho (Maseru)

square Semenanyane Stream Lesotho (general)

square Potsane Lesotho (general)

square Makhoate Lesotho (general)

square Seshophe Leribe

square Matsotu Lesotho (general)

square Makojang Mohale's Hoek District

square Kwatsaning Lesotho (general)

square Mosoang Mafeteng District




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