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The exact origins of the Nauruans are unclear since their language does not resemble any other in the Pacific. Germany annexed the island in 1888. A German-British consortium began mining the island's phosphate deposits early in the 20th century. Australian forces occupied Nauru in World War I; it subsequently became a League of Nations mandate. After the Second World War - and a brutal occupation by Japan - Nauru became a UN trust territory. It achieved independence in 1968 and joined the UN in 1999 as the world's smallest independent republic.


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Government

Country name
Conventional long form Republic of Nauru
Conventional short form Nauru
Local long form Republic of Nauru
Local short form Nauru
Former Pleasant Island

Government type
Republic

Capital
No official capital; government offices in Yaren District
Time difference
UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

Administrative divisions
14 districts; Aiwo, Anabar, Anetan, Anibare, Baiti, Boe, Buada, Denigomodu, Ewa, Ijuw, Meneng, Nibok, Uaboe, Yaren

Independence
31 January 1968 (from the Australia-, NZ-, and UK-administered UN trusteeship)

Constitution
29 January 1968; amended 17 May 1968

Legal system
Mixed legal system of common law based on the English model and customary law

International law organization participation
Has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

Suffrage
20 years of age; universal and compulsory

Executive branch
Chief of state
President Sprent DABWIDO (since 15 November 2011); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
Head of government
President Sprent DABWIDO (since 15 November 2011)
Cabinet
Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of parliament
Elections
President elected by parliament for a three-year term; election last held on 10 November 2011 (next to be held in 2014)
Election results
A no-confidence vote on 15 November 2011 removed Frederick PITCHER as president after six days; Sprent DABWIDO elected in a parliamentary vote of 9 to 8

Legislative branch
Unicameral parliament (18 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms)
Elections
Last held on 19 June 2010 (next to be held in 2013)
Election results
Percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 18

Judicial branch
Supreme Court

Political parties and leaders
Democratic Party [Kennan ADEANG]; Nauru First (Naoero Amo) Party; Nauru Party (informal); note - loose multiparty system

Political pressure groups and leaders
Woman Information and News Agency (women's issues)

International organization participation
ACP, ADB, AOSIS, C, FAO, G-77, ICAO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO

Diplomatic representation in the us
Chief of mission Ambassador Marlene I. MOSES
Chancery
800 2nd Avenue, Suite 400 D, New York, NY 10017
Telephone [1] (212) 937-0074
FAX [1] (212) 937-0079
Consulate(s) Agana (Guam)

Diplomatic representation from the us
The US does not have an embassy in Nauru; the US Ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Nauru

Flag description
Blue with a narrow, horizontal, yellow stripe across the center and a large white 12-pointed star below the stripe on the hoist side; blue stands for the Pacific Ocean, the star indicates the country's location in relation to the Equator (the yellow stripe) and the 12 points symbolize the 12 original tribes of Nauru

National anthem
Name "Nauru Bwiema" (Song of Nauru)
Lyrics/music
Margaret HENDRIE/Laurence Henry HICKS
Note Adopted 1968


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Nauru (Yaren):
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