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Niue's remoteness, as well as cultural and linguistic differences between its Polynesian inhabitants and those of the rest of the Cook Islands, have caused it to be separately administered. The population of the island continues to drop (from a peak of 5,200 in 1966 to an estimated 1,311 in 2011) with substantial emigration to New Zealand 2,400 km to the southwest.


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Geography

Location
Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga

Geographic coordinates
19 02 S, 169 52 W

Map references
Oceania

Area World Ranking: 212
Total 260 sq km
Land 260 sq km
Water 0 sq km

Area - comparative
1.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Land boundaries
0 km

Coastline
64 km

Maritime claims
Territorial sea 12 nm
Exclusive economic zone 200 nm

Climate
Tropical; modified by southeast trade winds

Terrain
Steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau

Elevation extremes
Lowest point Pacific Ocean 0 m
Highest point
Unnamed elevation near Mutalau settlement 68 m

Natural resources
Fish, arable land

Land use
Arable land 11.54%
Permanent crops 15.38%
Other 73.08% (2005)

Irrigated land
NA

Natural hazards
Typhoons

Environment - current issues
Increasing attention to conservationist practices to counter loss of soil fertility from traditional slash and burn agriculture

Environment - international agreements
Party to
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection

Geography - note
One of world's largest coral islands


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Niue [ New Zealand ] (Free Association):
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