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The UK established a protectorate over the Solomon Islands in the 1890s. Some of the most bitter fighting of World War II occurred on this archipelago. Self-government was achieved in 1976 and independence two years later. Ethnic violence, government malfeasance, and endemic crime have undermined stability and civil society. In June 2003, then Prime Minister Sir Allan KEMAKEZA sought the assistance of Australia in reestablishing law and order; the following month, an Australian-led multinational force arrived to restore peace and disarm ethnic militias. The Regional Assistance Mission to the Solomon Islands (RAMSI) has generally been effective in restoring law and order and rebuilding government institutions.


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People And Society

Nationality
Noun Solomon Islander(s)
Adjective Solomon Islander

Ethnic groups
Melanesian 94.5%, Polynesian 3%, Micronesian 1.2%, other 1.1%, unspecified 0.2% (1999 census)

Languages
Melanesian pidgin (in much of the country is lingua franca), English (official but spoken by only 1%-2% of the population), 120 indigenous languages

Religions
Protestant 73.7% (Church of Melanesia 32.8%, South Seas Evangelical 17%, Seventh-Day Adventist 11.2%, United Church 10.3%, Christian Fellowship Church 2.4%), Roman Catholic 19%, other Christian 4.4%, other 2.4%, unspecified 0.3%, none 0.2% (1999 census)

Population World Ranking: 168
584,578 (July 2012 est.)

Age structure
0-14 years
37.8% (male 111,265/female 104,896)
15-64 years
58.3% (male 169,873/female 163,621)
65 years and over
3.9% (male 10,879/female 11,356) (2011 est.)

Median age
Total 21.1 years
Male 20.9 years
Female 21.3 years (2012 est.)

Population growth rate World Ranking: 40
2.17% (2012 est.)

Birth rate World Ranking: 45
27.46 births/1,000 population (2012 est.)

Death rate World Ranking: 205
3.91 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.)

Net migration rate World Ranking: 160
-1.86 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.)

Urbanization
Urban population 19% of total population (2010)
Rate of urbanization
4.2% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Major cities - population
HONIARA (capital) 72,000 (2009)

Sex ratio
At birth 1.05 male(s)/female
Under 15 years 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years 1.04 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.95 male(s)/female
Total population
1.04 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

Maternal mortality rate World Ranking: 77
93 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)

Infant mortality rate World Ranking: 103
Total 17.25 deaths/1,000 live births
Male 19.65 deaths/1,000 live births
Female
14.74 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.)

Life expectancy at birth World Ranking: 105
Total population 74.42 years
Male 71.83 years
Female 77.14 years (2012 est.)

Total fertility rate World Ranking: 48
3.51 children born/woman (2012 est.)

Health expenditures World Ranking: 132
5.4% of GDP (2009)

Physicians density
0.186 physicians/1,000 population (2005)

Hospital bed density
1.4 beds/1,000 population (2005)

Hiv/aids - adult prevalence rate
NA

Hiv/aids - people living with hiv/aids
NA

Hiv/aids - deaths
NA

Children under the age of 5 years underweight World Ranking: 62
11.5% (2007)

Education expenditures
NA

Literacy
NA

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
Total 9 years
Male 9 years
Female 9 years (2007)


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Solomon Islands (Honiara):
Country Flag
Country Locator

GPS points from Solomon Islands (Honiara)

square Lopochanai Passage Solomon Islands (general)

square Haviha Ridge Solomon Islands (general)

square Bakofu Solomon Islands (general)

square Sosoruana Islands Solomon Islands (general)

square Rokama Hite Island Solomon Islands (general)

square Miho Solomon Islands (general)

square Kokosurisau Solomon Islands (general)

square Folotana Solomon Islands (general)




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