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Macedonia gained its independence peacefully from Yugoslavia in 1991. Greece's objection to the new state's use of what it considered a Hellenic name and symbols delayed international recognition, which occurred under the provisional designation of "the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia." In 1995, Greece lifted a 20-month trade embargo and the two countries agreed to normalize relations, but the issue of the name remained unresolved and negotiations for a solution are ongoing. Since 2004, the United States and 133 other nations have recognized Macedonia by its constitutional name, Republic of Macedonia. Some ethnic Albanians, angered by perceived political and economic inequities, launched an insurgency in 2001 that eventually won the support of the majority of Macedonia's ethnic Albanian population and led to the internationally-brokered Ohrid Framework Agreement, which ended the fighting and established guidelines for the creation of new laws that enhanced the rights of minorities. Fully implementing the Framework Agreement, maintaining momentum on democratic reforms, and stimulating economic growth and development continue to be challenges for Macedonia, although progress has been made over the past several years.


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People And Society

Nationality
Noun Macedonian(s)
Adjective Macedonian

Ethnic groups
Macedonian 64.2%, Albanian 25.2%, Turkish 3.9%, Roma (Gypsy) 2.7%, Serb 1.8%, other 2.2% (2002 census)

Languages
Macedonian (official) 66.5%, Albanian (official) 25.1%, Turkish 3.5%, Roma 1.9%, Serbian 1.2%, other 1.8% (2002 census)

Religions
Macedonian Orthodox 64.7%, Muslim 33.3%, other Christian 0.37%, other and unspecified 1.63% (2002 census)

Population World Ranking: 145
2,082,370 (July 2012 est.)

Age structure
0-14 years
18.5% (male 198,643/female 184,775)
15-64 years
70% (male 733,601/female 720,103)
65 years and over
11.6% (male 103,620/female 136,586) (2011 est.)

Median age
Total 36.2 years
Male 35.1 years
Female 37.2 years (2012 est.)

Population growth rate World Ranking: 172
0.237% (2012 est.)

Birth rate World Ranking: 163
11.8 births/1,000 population (2012 est.)

Death rate World Ranking: 68
8.95 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.)

Net migration rate World Ranking: 140
-0.48 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.)

Urbanization
Urban population 59% of total population (2010)
Rate of urbanization
0.3% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Major cities - population
SKOPJE (capital) 480,000 (2009)

Sex ratio
At birth 1.08 male(s)/female
Under 15 years 1.08 male(s)/female
15-64 years 1.02 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.75 male(s)/female
Total population
0.99 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

Maternal mortality rate World Ranking: 153
10 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)

Infant mortality rate World Ranking: 157
Total 8.32 deaths/1,000 live births
Male 8.56 deaths/1,000 live births
Female
8.07 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.)

Life expectancy at birth World Ranking: 88
Total population 75.36 years
Male 72.82 years
Female 78.1 years (2012 est.)

Total fertility rate World Ranking: 177
1.59 children born/woman (2012 est.)

Health expenditures World Ranking: 84
6.9% of GDP (2009)

Physicians density
2.546 physicians/1,000 population (2006)

Hospital bed density
4.63 beds/1,000 population (2006)

Hiv/aids - adult prevalence rate World Ranking: 138
Less than 0.1% (2007 est.)

Hiv/aids - people living with hiv/aids World Ranking: 157
Fewer than 200 (2007 est.)

Hiv/aids - deaths World Ranking: 120
Fewer than 100 (2003 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight World Ranking: 113
1.8% (2005)

Education expenditures
NA

Literacy
Definition
Age 15 and over can read and write
Total population 97.3%
Male 98.7%
Female 95.9% (2010 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
Total 13 years
Male 13 years
Female 13 years (2008)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 World Ranking: 2
Total 54.9%
Male 52.8%
Female 58.5% (2009)


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The Former Yugoslav Republic Of Macedonia (Skopje):
Country Flag
Country Locator

GPS points from The Former Yugoslav Republic Of Macedonia (Skopje)

square Gosince Macedonia The Former Yugoslav Republic Of (general)

square Teceske Korije Macedonia The Former Yugoslav Republic Of (general)

square Samar Macedonia The Former Yugoslav Republic Of (general)

square Vrbjani Macedonia The Former Yugoslav Republic Of (general)

square Kolnikot Macedonia The Former Yugoslav Republic Of (general)

square Carpinica Macedonia The Former Yugoslav Republic Of (general)

square Lepenak Macedonia The Former Yugoslav Republic Of (general)

square Kozyiak Macedonia The Former Yugoslav Republic Of (general)




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