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French Togoland became Togo in 1960. Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA, installed as military ruler in 1967, ruled Togo with a heavy hand for almost four decades. Despite the facade of multiparty elections instituted in the early 1990s, the government was largely dominated by President EYADEMA, whose Rally of the Togolese People (RPT) party has maintained power almost continually since 1967 and maintains a majority of seats in today's legislature. Upon EYADEMA's death in February 2005, the military installed the president's son, Faure GNASSINGBE, and then engineered his formal election two months later. Democratic gains since then allowed Togo to hold its first relatively free and fair legislative elections in October 2007. After years of political unrest and condemnation from international organizations for human rights abuses, Togo is finally being re-welcomed into the international community. In January 2012, Togo assumed a nonpermanent seat on the UN Security Council for the 2012-13 term.


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Government

Country name
Conventional long form Togolese Republic
Conventional short form Togo
Local long form Republique Togolaise
Local short form None
Former French Togoland

Government type
Republic under transition to multiparty democratic rule

Capital
Name Lome
Geographic coordinates 6 07 N, 1 13 E
Time difference
UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

Administrative divisions
5 regions (regions, singular - region); Centrale, Kara, Maritime, Plateaux, Savanes

Independence
27 April 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship)

Constitution
Adopted by public referendum 27 September 1992

Legal system
Customary law system

International law organization participation
Accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; non-party state to the ICCt

Suffrage
18 years of age; universal

Executive branch
Chief of state
President Faure GNASSINGBE (since 4 May 2005);
Head of government
Prime Minister Kwesi AHOOMEY-ZUNU (since 23 July 2012)
Cabinet
Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister
Elections
President elected by popular vote for a five-year term (no term limits); election last held on 4 March 2010 (next to be held in 2015); prime minister appointed by the president
Election results
Faure GNASSINGBE reelected president; percent of vote - Faure GNASSINGBE 60.9%, Jean-Pierre FABRE 33.9%, Yawovi AGBOYIBO 3%, other 2.2%

Legislative branch
Unicameral National Assembly (81 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
Elections
Last held on 14 October 2007 (next to be held in October 2012)
Election results
Percent of vote by party - RPT 39.4%, UFC 37.0%, CAR 8.2%, independents 2.5%, other 12.9%; seats by party - RPT 50, UFC 27, CAR 4

Judicial branch
Constitutional Court; High Court of Justice; Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel; Court of Audits

Political parties and leaders
Action Committee for Renewal or CAR [Yawovi AGBOYIBO]; Democratic Convention of African Peoples or CDPA; Democratic Party for Renewal or PDR; Juvento [Monsilia DJATO]; Movement of the Believers of Peace and Equality or MOCEP; National Alliance for Change or ANC [Jean-Pierre FABRE]; Pan-African Patriotic Convergence or CPP; Rally for the Support for Development and Democracy or RSDD [Harry OLYMPIO]; Rally of the Togolese People or RPT [Faure GNASSINGBE]; Socialist Pact for Renewal or PSR; Union for Democracy and Social Progress or UDPS [Gagou KOKOU]; Union of Forces for Change or UFC [Gilchrist OLYMPIO]

Political pressure groups and leaders
NA

International organization participation
ACP, AfDB, AU, ECOWAS, Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNOCI, UNSC (temporary), UNWTO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Diplomatic representation in the us
Chief of mission
Ambassador Kadangha Limbiya BARIKI
Chancery
2208 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
Telephone [1] (202) 234-4212
FAX [1] (202) 232-3190

Diplomatic representation from the us
Chief of mission
Ambassador Patricia McMahon HAWKINS
Embassy
4332 Blvd. Gnassingbe Eyadema, Cite OUA, Lome
Mailing address
B. P. 852, Lome; 2300 Lome Place, Washington, DC 20512-2300
Telephone [228] 261-5470
FAX [228] 261-5501

Flag description
Five equal horizontal bands of green (top and bottom) alternating with yellow; a white five-pointed star on a red square is in the upper hoist-side corner; the five horizontal stripes stand for the five different regions of the country; the red square is meant to express the loyalty and patriotism of the people; green symbolizes hope, fertility, and agriculture; yellow represents mineral wealth and faith that hard work and strength will bring prosperity; the star symbolizes life, purity, peace, dignity, and Togo's independence
Note
Uses the popular Pan-African colors of Ethiopia

National anthem
Name
"Salut a toi, pays de nos aieux" (Hail to Thee, Land of Our Forefathers)
Lyrics/music Alex CASIMIR-DOSSEH
Note
Adopted 1960, restored 1992; this anthem was replaced by another during one-party rule between 1979 and 1992


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Togo (Lome):
Country Flag
Country Locator

GPS points from Togo (Lome)

square Tikple Togo (general)

square Kpele Togo (general)

square Kpete Maflo Togo (general)

square Kpelo Togo (general)

square Tabale Togo (general)

square Kpetzikope Togo (general)

square Soglode Togo (general)

square Heknovi Region Maritime




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