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Angola is rebuilding its country after the end of a 27-year civil war in 2002. Fighting between the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), led by Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS, and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), led by Jonas SAVIMBI, followed independence from Portugal in 1975. Peace seemed imminent in 1992 when Angola held national elections, but fighting picked up again by 1996. Up to 1.5 million lives may have been lost - and 4 million people displaced - in the quarter century of fighting. SAVIMBI's death in 2002 ended UNITA's insurgency and strengthened the MPLA's hold on power. President DOS SANTOS held legislative elections in September 2008 and, despite promising to hold presidential elections in 2009, has since pushed through a new constitution that calls for elections in 2012.


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Government

Country name
Conventional long form Republic of Angola
Conventional short form Angola
Local long form Republica de Angola
Local short form Angola
Former People's Republic of Angola

Government type
Republic; multiparty presidential regime

Capital
Name Luanda
Geographic coordinates 8 50 S, 13 13 E
Time difference
UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

Administrative divisions
18 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Bengo, Benguela, Bie, Cabinda, Kwando Kubango, Kwanza Norte, Kwanza Sul, Cunene, Huambo, Huila, Luanda, Lunda Norte, Lunda Sul, Malanje, Moxico, Namibe, Uige, Zaire

Independence
11 November 1975 (from Portugal)

Constitution
Adopted by National Assembly 5 February 2010

Legal system
Civil legal system based on Portuguese civil law; no judicial review of legislation

International law organization participation
Has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt

Suffrage
18 years of age; universal

Executive branch
Chief of state
President Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS (since 21 September 1979); Vice President Fernando "Nando" da Piedade Dias DOS SANTOS (since 2 February 2010); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
Head of government
President Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS (since 21 September 1979); Vice President Fernando "Nando" da Piedade Dias DOS SANTOS (since 2 February 2010)
Cabinet
Council of Ministers appointed by the president
Elections
President indirectly elected by National Assembly for a five-year term (eligible for a second consecutive or discontinuous term) under the 2010 constitution; President DOS SANTOS was selected by the party to take over after the death of former President Augustino NETO (1979) under a one-party system and stood for reelection in Angola's first multiparty elections on 29-30 September 1992 (next were to be held in September 2009 but were postponed)
Election results
Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS 49.6%, Jonas SAVIMBI 40.1%, making a run-off election necessary; the run-off was never held leaving DOS SANTOS in his current position as the president

Legislative branch
Unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (220 seats; members elected by proportional vote to serve four-year terms)
Elections
Last held on 31 August 2012 (next to be held in 2016)
Election results
Percent of vote by party - MPLA 71.8%, UNITA 18.7%, CASA-CE 6.0%, PRS 1.7%, FNLA 1.1%, other 0.8%; seats by party - MPLA 175, UNITA 32, CASA-CE 8, PRS 3, FNLA 2

Judicial branch
Constitutional Court or Tribunal Constitucional; Supreme Court or Tribunal Supremo; Court of Auditions or Tribunal de Contas; Supreme Military Court or Supremo Tribunal Militar; judges for all courts appointed by the president

Political parties and leaders
Broad Convergence for Salvation of Angola Electoral Coalition or CASA-CE [Abel CHIVUKUVUKU]; National Front for the Liberation of Angola or FNLA [Ngola KABANGU]; National Union for the Total Independence of Angola or UNITA [Isaias SAMAKUVA] (largest opposition party); New Democracy Electoral Union or ND [Quintino de MOREIRA]; Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola or MPLA [Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS] (ruling party in power since 1975); Social Renewal Party or PRS [Eduardo KUANGANA]
Note
Nine other parties participated in the legislative election in September 2008 but won no seats

Political pressure groups and leaders
Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda or FLEC [N'zita Henriques TIAGO, Antonio Bento BEMBE]
Note
FLEC's small-scale armed struggle for the independence of Cabinda Province persists despite the signing of a peace accord with the government in August 2006

International organization participation
ACP, AfDB, AU, CPLP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), OPEC, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Diplomatic representation in the us
Chief of mission
Ambassador Alberto do Carmo BENTO RIBEIRO
Chancery
2108 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009
Telephone [1] (202) 785-1156
FAX [1] (202) 785-1258
Consulate(s) general Houston, New York

Diplomatic representation from the us
Chief of mission
Ambassador Christopher J. MCMULLEN
Embassy
Number 32 Rua Houari Boumedienne (in the Miramar area of Luanda), Luanda
Mailing address
International mail: Caixa Postal 6468, Luanda; pouch: US Embassy Luanda, US Department of State, 2550 Luanda Place, Washington, DC 20521-2550
Telephone [244] (222) 64-1000
FAX [244] (222) 64-1232

Flag description
Two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and black with a centered yellow emblem consisting of a five-pointed star within half a cogwheel crossed by a machete (in the style of a hammer and sickle); red represents liberty, black the African continent, the symbols characterize workers and peasants

National symbol(s)
Sable antelope

National anthem
Name
"Angola Avante" (Forward Angola)
Lyrics/music
Manuel Rui Alves MONTEIRO/Rui Alberto Vieira Dias MINGAO
Note Adopted 1975


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Angola (Luanda):
Country Flag
Country Locator

GPS points from Angola (Luanda)

square Canhanha Grande Provincia Da Lunda Sul


square Zele Uige

square Samufuca Provincia Da Lunda Norte

square Kingo Provincia Do Cuanza Sul

square Muengo Provincia Do Bie

square E. C. Elende Provincia Do Cuanza Sul

square Quipacaca Provincia De Malanje




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