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Once the center of power for the large Austro-Hungarian Empire, Austria was reduced to a small republic after its defeat in World War I. Following annexation by Nazi Germany in 1938 and subsequent occupation by the victorious Allies in 1945, Austria's status remained unclear for a decade. A State Treaty signed in 1955 ended the occupation, recognized Austria's independence, and forbade unification with Germany. A constitutional law that same year declared the country's "perpetual neutrality" as a condition for Soviet military withdrawal. The Soviet Union's collapse in 1991 and Austria's entry into the European Union in 1995 have altered the meaning of this neutrality. A prosperous, democratic country, Austria entered the EU Economic and Monetary Union in 1999.


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People And Society

Nationality
Noun Austrian(s)
Adjective Austrian

Ethnic groups
Austrians 91.1%, former Yugoslavs 4% (includes Croatians, Slovenes, Serbs, and Bosniaks), Turks 1.6%, German 0.9%, other or unspecified 2.4% (2001 census)

Languages
German (official nationwide) 88.6%, Turkish 2.3%, Serbian 2.2%, Croatian (official in Burgenland) 1.6%, other (includes Slovene, official in Carinthia, and Hungarian, official in Burgenland) 5.3% (2001 census)

Religions
Roman Catholic 73.6%, Protestant 4.7%, Muslim 4.2%, other 3.5%, unspecified 2%, none 12% (2001 census)

Population World Ranking: 94
8,219,743 (July 2012 est.)

Age structure
0-14 years
14% (male 590,855/female 563,300)
15-64 years
67.7% (male 2,793,725/female 2,769,840)
65 years and over
18.2% (male 627,456/female 872,104) (2011 est.)

Median age
Total 43.4 years
Male 42.3 years
Female 44.5 years (2012 est.)

Population growth rate World Ranking: 187
0.026% (2012 est.)

Birth rate World Ranking: 213
8.69 births/1,000 population (2012 est.)

Death rate World Ranking: 49
10.23 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.)

Net migration rate World Ranking: 41
1.79 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.)

Urbanization
Urban population 68% of total population (2010)
Rate of urbanization
0.6% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Major cities - population
VIENNA (capital) 1.693 million (2009)

Sex ratio
At birth 1.05 male(s)/female
Under 15 years 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years 1.01 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.73 male(s)/female
Total population
0.95 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

Maternal mortality rate World Ranking: 179
4 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)

Infant mortality rate World Ranking: 195
Total 4.26 deaths/1,000 live births
Male 5.16 deaths/1,000 live births
Female
3.33 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.)

Life expectancy at birth World Ranking: 33
Total population 79.91 years
Male 77 years
Female 82.97 years (2012 est.)

Total fertility rate World Ranking: 199
1.41 children born/woman (2012 est.)

Health expenditures World Ranking: 20
11% of GDP (2009)

Physicians density
4.749 physicians/1,000 population (2009)

Hospital bed density
7.71 beds/1,000 population (2008)

Hiv/aids - adult prevalence rate World Ranking: 90
0.3% (2009 est.)

Hiv/aids - people living with hiv/aids World Ranking: 84
15,000 (2009 est.)

Hiv/aids - deaths World Ranking: 149
Fewer than 100 (2009 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate World Ranking: 53
11% (2008)

Education expenditures World Ranking: 46
5.4% of GDP (2007)

Literacy
Definition
Age 15 and over can read and write
Total population 98%
Male NA
Female NA

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
Total 15 years
Male 15 years
Female 15 years (2008)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 World Ranking: 103
Total 10%
Male 10.5%
Female 9.4% (2009)


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Austria (Vienna):
Country Flag
Country Locator

GPS points from Austria (Vienna)

square Oberstern Upper Austria

square Plattjoch Tyrol

square Falej Carinthia

square Tauerneck Carinthia

square Delpsjoch Tyrol

square Jamm Styria

square Kerschhackl Alpe Salzburg

square Winklsagritz Carinthia




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