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GeographyLocation
Northern Asia, between China and Russia Geographic coordinates
46 00 N, 105 00 E
Map references
Asia
Area World Ranking: 19
Total 1,564,116 sq km
Land 1,553,556 sq km Water 10,560 sq km Area - comparative
Slightly smaller than Alaska
Land boundaries
Total 8,220 km
Border countries China 4,677 km, Russia 3,543 km Coastline
0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims
None (landlocked)
Climate
Desert; continental (large daily and seasonal temperature ranges) Terrain
Vast semidesert and desert plains, grassy steppe, mountains in west and southwest; Gobi Desert in south-central Elevation extremes
Lowest point Hoh Nuur 560 m
Highest point Nayramadlin Orgil (Huyten Orgil) 4,374 m Natural resources
Oil, coal, copper, molybdenum, tungsten, phosphates, tin, nickel, zinc, fluorspar, gold, silver, iron Land use
Arable land 0.76%
Permanent crops 0% Other 99.24% (2005) Irrigated land
840 sq km (2003)
Total renewable water resources
34.8 cu km (1999)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)
Total 0.44 cu km/yr (20%/27%/52%)
Per capita 166 cu m/yr (2000) Natural hazards
Dust storms; grassland and forest fires; drought; "zud," which is harsh winter conditions Environment - current issues
Limited natural freshwater resources in some areas; the policies of former Communist regimes promoted rapid urbanization and industrial growth that had negative effects on the environment; the burning of soft coal in power plants and the lack of enforcement of environmental laws severely polluted the air in Ulaanbaatar; deforestation, overgrazing, and the converting of virgin land to agricultural production increased soil erosion from wind and rain; desertification and mining activities had a deleterious effect on the environment Environment - international agreements
Party to
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling Signed, but not ratified None of the selected agreements Geography - note
Landlocked; strategic location between China and Russia
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Mongolia (Ulaanbaatar):
GPS points from Mongolia (Ulaanbaatar)
Bigger Govi-altay
Lamyyn Khid East Aimak
Shandanii Dugang Bulgan Aymag
Namsaray Oboo Central Aymag
Haratayn Govi Suhbaatar Aymag
Gora Shanda Ula Hovd Aymag
Tsagaanders East Aimak
Dzahin Ovoo East Aimak |