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Ruled by the Al Thani family since the mid-1800s, Qatar transformed itself from a poor British protectorate noted mainly for pearling into an independent state with significant oil and natural gas revenues. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, the Qatari economy was crippled by a continuous siphoning off of petroleum revenues by the Amir, who had ruled the country since 1972. His son, the current Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani, overthrew him in a bloodless coup in 1995. In 2001, Qatar resolved its longstanding border disputes with both Bahrain and Saudi Arabia. As of 2007, oil and natural gas revenues had enabled Qatar to attain the highest per capita income in the world. Qatar has not experienced the level of unrest or violence seen in other Near Eastern and North African countries in 2010-11, due in part to its immense wealth. Qatar's international image is bolstered in part by the Doha-based Al Jazirah news network, which has provided comprehensive coverage of the Near East and North African Arab revolutions. Additionally, Qatar played a significant role in the Libyan revolution by pressing the Gulf Cooperation Council and the Arab League to assist the Libyan rebel movement.



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Economy

Economy - overview
Qatar has prospered in the last several years with continued high real GDP growth in 2011. Qatari authorities throughout the financial crisis sought to protect the local banking sector with direct investments into domestic banks. GDP rebounded in 2010 largely due to the increase in oil prices and 2011's growth was supported by Qatar's investment in expanding its gas sector. Economic policy is focused on developing Qatar's nonassociated natural gas reserves and increasing private and foreign investment in non-energy sectors, but oil and gas still account for more than 50% of GDP, roughly 85% of export earnings, and 70% of government revenues. Oil and gas likely have made Qatar the second highest per-capita income country - behind Liechtenstein - and the country with the lowest unemployment. Proved oil reserves in excess of 25 billion barrels should enable continued output at current levels for 57 years. Qatar's proved reserves of natural gas exceed 25 trillion cubic meters, more than 13% of the world total and third largest in the world. Qatar's successful 2022 world cup bid will likely accelerate large-scale infrastructure projects such as Qatar's metro system and the Qatar-Bahrain causeway.

Gdp (purchasing power parity) World Ranking: 57
$184.3 billion (2011 est.)
$155.1 billion (2010 est.)
$133 billion (2009 est.)
Note Data are in 2011 US dollars

Gdp (official exchange rate)
$173.8 billion (2011 est.)

Gdp - real growth rate World Ranking: 1
18.8% (2011 est.)
16.6% (2010 est.)
12% (2009 est.)

Gdp - per capita (ppp) World Ranking: 2
$104,300 (2011 est.)
$91,300 (2010 est.)
$81,200 (2009 est.)
Note Data are in 2011 US dollars

Gdp - composition by sector
Agriculture 0.1%
Industry 73%
Services 26.9% (2011 est.)

Labor force World Ranking: 137
1.241 million (2011 est.)

Unemployment rate World Ranking: 2
0.4% (2011 est.)
0.5% (2010 est.)

Population below poverty line
NA%

Household income or consumption by percentage share
Lowest 10% 1.3%
Highest 10% 35.9% (2007)

Investment (gross fixed) World Ranking: 24
27.8% of GDP (2011 est.)

Budget
Revenues $74.29 billion
Expenditures $51.21 billion (2011 est.)

Taxes and other revenues World Ranking: 39
42.7% of GDP (2011 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) World Ranking: 7
13.3% of GDP (2011 est.)

Public debt World Ranking: 105
33.1% of GDP (2011 est.)
29% of GDP (2010 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) World Ranking: 22
1.9% (2011 est.)
-2.4% (2010 est.)

Central bank discount rate World Ranking: 65
3.5% (31 December 2010 est.)
5.5% (31 December 2009 est.)

Commercial bank prime lending rate World Ranking: 128
5.49% (31 December 2011 est.)
7.34% (31 December 2010 est.)

Stock of narrow money World Ranking: 58
$31.13 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$18.77 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

Stock of broad money World Ranking: 57
$85.16 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$72.72 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

Stock of domestic credit World Ranking: 48
$121.5 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$89.61 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

Market value of publicly traded shares World Ranking: 38
$125.4 billion (31 December 2011)
$123.6 billion (31 December 2010)
$87.86 billion (31 December 2009)

Agriculture - products
Fruits, vegetables; poultry, dairy products, beef; fish

Industries
Liquefied natural gas, crude oil production and refining, ammonia, fertilizers, petrochemicals, steel reinforcing bars, cement, commercial ship repair

Industrial production growth rate World Ranking: 2
27.1% (2010 est.)

Electricity - production World Ranking: 72
19.18 billion kWh (2009 est.)

Electricity - consumption World Ranking: 72
18.79 billion kWh (2008 est.)

Electricity - exports
0 kWh (2009 est.)

Electricity - imports
0 kWh (2009 est.)

Oil - production World Ranking: 20
1.437 million bbl/day (2010 est.)

Oil - consumption World Ranking: 61
166,000 bbl/day (2010 est.)

Oil - exports World Ranking: 22
1.038 million bbl/day (2009 est.)

Oil - imports World Ranking: 165
4,108 bbl/day (2009 est.)

Oil - proved reserves World Ranking: 12
25.38 billion bbl (1 January 2011 est.)

Natural gas - production World Ranking: 6
116.7 billion cu m (2010 est.)

Natural gas - consumption World Ranking: 34
21.89 billion cu m (2010 est.)

Natural gas - exports World Ranking: 3
94.81 billion cu m (2010 est.)

Natural gas - imports World Ranking: 114
0 cu m (2010 est.)

Natural gas - proved reserves World Ranking: 3
25.37 trillion cu m (1 January 2011 est.)

Current account balance World Ranking: 11
$53.57 billion (2011 est.)
$21.03 billion (2010 est.)

Exports World Ranking: 37
$107 billion (2011 est.)
$72.04 billion (2010 est.)

Exports - commodities
Liquefied natural gas (LNG), petroleum products, fertilizers, steel

Exports - partners
Japan 26.6%, South Korea 18.3%, India 8.1%, Singapore 6.6%, UK 6.5%, China 4.1% (2011)

Imports World Ranking: 70
$23.08 billion (2011 est.)
$20.94 billion (2010 est.)

Imports - commodities
Machinery and transport equipment, food, chemicals

Imports - partners
US 12.9%, UAE 12.5%, Saudi Arabia 9.4%, UK 6.2%, China 5.5%, Germany 5.2%, Japan 4.7%, France 4.6%, Italy 4.5% (2011)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold World Ranking: 65
$16.82 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$31.19 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

Debt - external World Ranking: 38
$125.3 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$108.3 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home World Ranking: 58
$38.6 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$32.79 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad World Ranking: 39
$30.54 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$25.54 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

Exchange rates
Qatari rials (QAR) per US dollar -
3.64 (2011 est.)
3.64 (2010 est.)
3.64 (2009)
3.64 (2008)
3.64 (2007)

Fiscal year
1 April - 31 March


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Qatar (Doha):
Country Flag
Country Locator

GPS points from Qatar (Doha)

square Qatar Peninsula Qatar (general)

square Umm Al Suwaijah Qatar (general)

square Khashm An Nakhsh Baladiyat Ar Rayyan

square Al Areij Baladiyat Ar Rayyan

square Dohat Al Usainad Qatar (general)

square As Subayhah Baladiyat Ar Rayyan

square Rut Al Faras Baladiyat Ar Rayyan

square `idd Ash Sharqi Qatar (general)




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