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People And SocietyNationality
Noun Tongan(s)
Adjective Tongan Ethnic groups
Polynesian, Europeans
Languages
Tongan (official), English (official) Religions
Christian (Free Wesleyan Church claims over 30,000 adherents) Population World Ranking: 191
106,146 (July 2012 est.)
Age structure
0-14 years
37.2% (male 20,023/female 19,393) 15-64 years 56.7% (male 30,125/female 29,959) 65 years and over 6.1% (male 2,986/female 3,430) (2011 est.) Median age
Total 21.6 years
Male 21.2 years Female 22.1 years (2012 est.) Population growth rate World Ranking: 177
0.192% (2012 est.)
Birth rate World Ranking: 60
24.7 births/1,000 population (2012 est.) Death rate World Ranking: 189
4.88 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.) Net migration rate World Ranking: 216
-17.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.) Urbanization
Urban population 23% of total population (2010)
Rate of urbanization 0.8% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.) Sex ratio
At birth 1.03 male(s)/female
Under 15 years 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over 0.86 male(s)/female Total population 1.01 male(s)/female (2011 est.) Maternal mortality rate World Ranking: 65
110 deaths/100,000 live births (2010) Infant mortality rate World Ranking: 127
Total 13.21 deaths/1,000 live births
Male 13.63 deaths/1,000 live births Female 12.77 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.) Life expectancy at birth World Ranking: 87
Total population 75.38 years
Male 73.98 years Female 76.83 years (2012 est.) Total fertility rate World Ranking: 47
3.55 children born/woman (2012 est.) Health expenditures World Ranking: 98
6.2% of GDP (2009)
Physicians density
0.291 physicians/1,000 population (2002) Hospital bed density
2.44 beds/1,000 population (2008) Hiv/aids - adult prevalence rate
NA
Hiv/aids - people living with hiv/aids
NA
Hiv/aids - deaths
NA
Obesity - adult prevalence rate World Ranking: 3
56% (2000)
Education expenditures World Ranking: 107
3.9% of GDP (2004)
Literacy
Definition
Can read and write Tongan and/or English Total population 98.9%Male 98.8% Female 99% (1999 est.) School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
Total 14 years
Male 14 years Female 14 years (2007) Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 World Ranking: 91
Total 11.9%
Male 9.9% Female 15.1% (2003)
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Tonga (Nuku'alofa):
 
GPS points from Tonga (Nuku'alofa)
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Tonga - unique among Pacific nations - never completely lost its indigenous governance. The archipelagos of "The Friendly Islands" were united into a Polynesian kingdom in 1845. Tonga became a constitutional monarchy in 1875 and a British protectorate in 1900; it withdrew from the protectorate and joined the Commonwealth of Nations in 1970. Tonga remains the only monarchy in the Pacific.