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GeographyLocation
Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea, between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Slovenia Geographic coordinates
45 10 N, 15 30 E
Map references
Europe
Area World Ranking: 127
Total 56,594 sq km
Land 55,974 sq km Water 620 sq km Area - comparative
Slightly smaller than West Virginia Land boundaries
Total 1,982 km
Border countries Bosnia and Herzegovina 932 km, Hungary 329 km, Serbia 241 km, Montenegro 25 km, Slovenia 455 km Coastline
5,835 km (mainland 1,777 km, islands 4,058 km) Maritime claims
Territorial sea 12 nm
Continental shelf 200 m depth or to the depth of exploitation Climate
Mediterranean and continental; continental climate predominant with hot summers and cold winters; mild winters, dry summers along coast Terrain
Geographically diverse; flat plains along Hungarian border, low mountains and highlands near Adriatic coastline and islands Elevation extremes
Lowest point Adriatic Sea 0 m
Highest point Dinara 1,831 m Natural resources
Oil, some coal, bauxite, low-grade iron ore, calcium, gypsum, natural asphalt, silica, mica, clays, salt, hydropower Land use
Arable land 25.82%
Permanent crops 2.19% Other 71.99% (2005) Irrigated land
310 sq km (2003)
Total renewable water resources
105.5 cu km (1998)
Natural hazards
Destructive earthquakes
Environment - current issues
Air pollution (from metallurgical plants) and resulting acid rain is damaging the forests; coastal pollution from industrial and domestic waste; landmine removal and reconstruction of infrastructure consequent to 1992-95 civil strife Environment - international agreements
Party to
Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling Signed, but not ratified None of the selected agreements Geography - note
Controls most land routes from Western Europe to Aegean Sea and Turkish Straits; most Adriatic Sea islands lie off the coast of Croatia - some 1,200 islands, islets, ridges, and rocks
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