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French Togoland became Togo in 1960. Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA, installed as military ruler in 1967, ruled Togo with a heavy hand for almost four decades. Despite the facade of multiparty elections instituted in the early 1990s, the government was largely dominated by President EYADEMA, whose Rally of the Togolese People (RPT) party has maintained power almost continually since 1967 and maintains a majority of seats in today's legislature. Upon EYADEMA's death in February 2005, the military installed the president's son, Faure GNASSINGBE, and then engineered his formal election two months later. Democratic gains since then allowed Togo to hold its first relatively free and fair legislative elections in October 2007. After years of political unrest and condemnation from international organizations for human rights abuses, Togo is finally being re-welcomed into the international community. In January 2012, Togo assumed a nonpermanent seat on the UN Security Council for the 2012-13 term.


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Geography

Location
Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Benin, between Benin and Ghana

Geographic coordinates
8 00 N, 1 10 E

Map references
Africa

Area World Ranking: 126
Total 56,785 sq km
Land 54,385 sq km
Water 2,400 sq km

Area - comparative
Slightly smaller than West Virginia

Land boundaries
Total 1,647 km
Border countries
Benin 644 km, Burkina Faso 126 km, Ghana 877 km

Coastline
56 km

Maritime claims
Territorial sea 30 nm
Exclusive economic zone 200 nm

Climate
Tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north

Terrain
Gently rolling savanna in north; central hills; southern plateau; low coastal plain with extensive lagoons and marshes

Elevation extremes
Lowest point Atlantic Ocean 0 m
Highest point Mont Agou 986 m

Natural resources
Phosphates, limestone, marble, arable land

Land use
Arable land 44.2%
Permanent crops 2.11%
Other 53.69% (2005)

Irrigated land
70 sq km (2003)

Total renewable water resources
14.7 cu km (2001)

Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)
Total 0.17 cu km/yr (53%/2%/45%)
Per capita 28 cu m/yr (2000)

Natural hazards
Hot, dry harmattan wind can reduce visibility in north during winter; periodic droughts

Environment - current issues
Deforestation attributable to slash-and-burn agriculture and the use of wood for fuel; water pollution presents health hazards and hinders the fishing industry; air pollution increasing in urban areas

Environment - international agreements
Party to
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
Signed, but not ratified
None of the selected agreements

Geography - note
The country's length allows it to stretch through six distinct geographic regions; climate varies from tropical to savanna


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Togo (Lome):
Country Flag
Country Locator

GPS points from Togo (Lome)

square Odiou Togo (general)

square Nyongbao Togo (general)

square Assahoun Togo (general)

square Nagbeni Tchokossisse Togo (general)

square Bouzenan Togo (general)

square Kpeta Region Maritime

square Tchaouronde Togo (general)

square Odalikpodji Togo (general)




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