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EconomyEconomy - overview
Bahrain is one of the most diversified economies in the Persian Gulf. Highly developed communication and transport facilities make Bahrain home to numerous multinational firms with business in the Gulf. As part of its diversification plans, Bahrain implemented a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the US in August 2006, the first FTA between the US and a Gulf state. Bahrain's economy, however, continues to depend heavily on oil. Petroleum production and refining account for more than 60% of Bahrain's export receipts, 70% of government revenues, and 11% of GDP (exclusive of allied industries). Other major economic activities are production of aluminum - Bahrain's second biggest export after oil - finance, and construction. Bahrain competes with Malaysia as a worldwide center for Islamic banking and continues to seek new natural gas supplies as feedstock to support its expanding petrochemical and aluminum industries. In 2011, Bahrain experienced economic setbacks as a result of domestic unrest. Bahrain's reputation as a financial hub of the Gulf has been damaged, and the country now risks losing financial institutions to other regional centers such as Dubai or Doha. Economic policies aimed at restoring confidence in Bahrain's economy, such as the suspension of an expatriate labor tax, will make Bahrain's foremost long-term economic challenges - youth unemployment and the growth of government debt - more difficult to address. Gdp (purchasing power parity) World Ranking: 109
$31.5 billion (2011 est.)
$30.95 billion (2010 est.) $29.61 billion (2009 est.) Note Data are in 2011 US dollars Gdp (official exchange rate)
$26.11 billion (2011 est.)
Gdp - real growth rate World Ranking: 154
1.8% (2011 est.)
4.5% (2010 est.) 3.1% (2009 est.) Gdp - per capita (ppp) World Ranking: 49
$27,900 (2011 est.)
$28,000 (2010 est.) $28,500 (2009 est.) Note Data are in 2011 US dollars Gdp - composition by sector
Agriculture 0.4%
Industry 63.6% Services 36% (2011 est.) Labor force World Ranking: 153
666,000
Note 44% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (2011 est.) Labor force - by occupation
Agriculture 1%
Industry 79% Services 20% (1997 est.) Unemployment rate World Ranking: 146
15% (2005 est.)
Population below poverty line
NA%
Household income or consumption by percentage share
Lowest 10% NA%
Highest 10% NA% Investment (gross fixed) World Ranking: 48
24.6% of GDP (2011 est.)
Budget
Revenues $7.491 billion
Expenditures $8.396 billion (2011 est.) Taxes and other revenues World Ranking: 99
28.7% of GDP (2011 est.)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) World Ranking: 113
-3.5% of GDP (2011 est.)
Public debt World Ranking: 51
54% of GDP (2011 est.)
53.8% of GDP (2010 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices) World Ranking: 2
-0.4% (2011 est.)
2% (2010 est.) Commercial bank prime lending rate World Ranking: 132
6.79% (31 December 2011 est.)
7.25% (31 December 2010 est.) Stock of narrow money World Ranking: 88
$7.013 billion (31 December 2011 est.) $6.127 billion (31 December 2010 est.) Stock of broad money World Ranking: 82
$21.64 billion (31 December 2011 est.) $20.92 billion (31 December 2010 est.) Stock of domestic credit World Ranking: 83
$20.37 billion (31 December 2011 est.) $17.26 billion (31 December 2010 est.) Market value of publicly traded shares World Ranking: 62
$17.15 billion (31 December 2011) $20.43 billion (31 December 2010) $16.93 billion (31 December 2009) Agriculture - products
Fruit, vegetables; poultry, dairy products; shrimp, fish Industries
Petroleum processing and refining, aluminum smelting, iron pelletization, fertilizers, Islamic and offshore banking, insurance, ship repairing, tourism Industrial production growth rate World Ranking: 129
1.5% (2010 est.)
Electricity - production World Ranking: 89
11.22 billion kWh (2008 est.)
Electricity - consumption World Ranking: 86
10.48 billion kWh (2008 est.)
Electricity - exports
0 kWh (2009 est.)
Electricity - imports
0 kWh (2009 est.)
Oil - production World Ranking: 63
46,430 bbl/day (2010 est.)
Oil - consumption World Ranking: 99
47,000 bbl/day (2010 est.)
Oil - exports World Ranking: 49
239,900 bbl/day (2009 est.)
Oil - imports World Ranking: 46
213,000 bbl/day (2009 est.)
Oil - proved reserves World Ranking: 66
124.6 million bbl (1 January 2011 est.) Natural gas - production World Ranking: 38
12.58 billion cu m (2009 est.)
Natural gas - consumption World Ranking: 41
12.58 billion cu m (2009 est.)
Natural gas - exports World Ranking: 56
0 cu m (2009 est.)
Natural gas - imports World Ranking: 152
0 cu m (2009 est.)
Natural gas - proved reserves World Ranking: 57
92.03 billion cu m (1 January 2011 est.) Current account balance World Ranking: 38
$3.247 billion (2011 est.)
$770 million (2010 est.) Exports World Ranking: 73
$19.91 billion (2011 est.)
$13.83 billion (2010 est.) Exports - commodities
Petroleum and petroleum products, aluminum, textiles Exports - partners
Saudi Arabia 3.3%, UAE 2.2%, Japan 2%, India 1.9% (2011) Imports World Ranking: 89
$12.11 billion (2011 est.)
$11.19 billion (2010 est.) Imports - commodities
Crude oil, machinery, chemicals Imports - partners
Saudi Arabia 27.5%, US 10.2%, India 7.9%, China 7.4%, Brazil 5.8%, Germany 4.7% (2011) Reserves of foreign exchange and gold World Ranking: 95
$4.245 billion (31 December 2011 est.) $4.789 billion (31 December 2010 est.) Debt - external World Ranking: 83
$14.93 billion (31 December 2011 est.) $14.5 billion (31 December 2010 est.) Stock of direct foreign investment - at home World Ranking: 75
$15.94 billion (31 December 2011 est.) $15.15 billion (31 December 2010 est.) Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad World Ranking: 52
$8.777 billion (31 December 2011 est.) $7.883 billion (31 December 2010 est.) Exchange rates
Bahraini dinars (BHD) per US dollar - 0.376 (2011 est.)0.376 (2010 est.) 0.376 (2009) 0.376 (2008) 0.376 (2007) Fiscal year
Calendar year
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Bahrain (Manama):
GPS points from Bahrain (Manama)
Salba Ash Shamaliyah
Radm Al Qawari Ash Shamaliyah
Sahlat Al Fuqiyah Al Wusta
Al-djasra Al Wusta
Mina' Salman Al Asimah
Al Ghaina Al Janubiyah
Arabian Peninsula Bahrain (general)
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